Papers

With the proliferation of horizontal drilling allowing access to tight oil formations, liquid production in the U.S. has significantly increased over recent years. Consequently, there is renewed interest in accurate measurements for both custody transfer and allocation purposes. Advances in measurement automation have yielded operators’ savings in the millions of dollars annually. Over the last …

Considerations for Liquid Measurement in Production Applications Read More »

There are many in our industry who would consider the advancement of the ultrasonic meter to be the greatest improvement in gas measurement in the past twenty years. It’s my opinion that the immense improvement in gas measurement is not so much the ultrasonic meter itself. Instead, I believe it is the meter’s ability to …

Continuous Monitoring of Ultrasonic Meters Read More »

In today’s competitive gas market, utility companies must meet aggressive market strategies or suffer the consequences. All industries have cash registers, and gas distribution is no exception. Our measuring stations are our cash register. The problem is, these stations were designed 10, 20, 30 or even 50 years ago, and are now performing tasks they …

Coping with Changing Flow Requirements at Existing Metering Stations Read More »

A mass flowmeter is a system that provides a measurement of fluid flow in units of mass; pounds, tons. The Coriolis flowmeter is a type of flowmeter which measures the mass of the fluid flow directly. Coriolis mass flowmeters were first introduced more than 30 years ago. Global acceptance has spread across all industries where …

Coriolis Mass Flow Meters for Gas and Liquid Measurement Read More »

Cone meters differ from other differential pressure type meters, such as orifice meters and Venturi meters, basically, by design only. They are all required to meet American Petroleum Institute (API) Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 22.2 (entitled “Testing Protocol for Differential Pressure Flow Meter Devices”) test criteria developed and published in 2005 and …

Differential Meters Other Than Orifice Read More »

One of the most common measurement errors and the most difficult to identify in natural gas metering systems is that caused by pulsating flow. It is important to understand the effects that pulsations have on the common types of flow meters used in the gas industry so that potential error-producing mechanisms can be identified and …

Effects and Control of Pulsation in Gas Measurement Read More »

Orifice plate meters are one of the most widely used technologies in industry for gas flow metering. This is due to their relative simplicity, the extensive publicly available data sets that led to several orifice plate meter standards [1, 2, 3, 4] and the fact that they are a relatively inexpensive method of gas metering. …

Effects of Wet on Orifice Meters Read More »

Flow conditioning is one of the most critical aspects dealing with any type of volumetric flow metering. Flow conditioning is the final buffer between the flow meter and the upstream piping layout and is responsible for eliminating swirl, restoring flow symmetry and generating a repeatable, fully developed velocity flow profile. Even though modern advancements have …

Effects of Flow Conditioning on Meter Accuracy and Repeatability Read More »

The purpose of this paper is discuss various methods to mitigate experienced problems when it comes to measurement data collection and discuss possible solutions. I think there is great benefit in providing a current state summary of measurement data collection as we sit today and discuss how technology and metrics are continuously being utilized to …

EFM Data Communications – Problems and Solutions Read More »

Pressure calibration is as important today as it has been for a very long time, but the way calibration is done and the equipment used to do it has changed drastically. In the past it was a standard practice to use a primary standard for pressure calibration. That standard was normally a dead weight tester …

Factors Affecting Digital Pressure Calibration Read More »