Papers

This paper is intended to provide meter station designers with a basic methodology for selection of an appropriate flow meter (or meters) for a given application. Since many applications require that a meter station operate over a broad range of flow rates or loads, an example is provided on how to address system rangeability while …

Meter Selection for Various Load Requirements Read More »

Wet gas measurement is becoming widely used in the modern oil and gas market place. The effect of entrained liquid in gas and its impact on measurement systems is being researched world-wide by various laboratories and JIP working groups. The impact can be very significant financially. Hydrocarbon Dew Point can also effect the financial operation …

Dew Point Wet Gas and its Effect on Natural Gas Sampling Systems Read More »

The use of Liquid Ultrasonic Meters for liquid petroleum applications such as custody transfer or allocation measurement is gaining world wide acceptance by the Oil Industry. Ultrasonic technology is well established but the use of this technology for custody transfer and allocation measurement is relatively new. Often users try to employ the same measurement practices …

Fundamentals of Multipath Ultrasonic Flow Meters for Liquid Measurement Read More »

To understand and improve success in the collection of SCADA and EFM data you must first understand what’s in the field, their frequencies and communication methods. Frequency ranges typically utilized in the field are 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz. These frequency ranges were released as “junk band” or public use by the FCC in the …

Methods of Gathering Electronic Gas Measurement (EGM) Data Read More »

Some major problems and unique solutions will be addressed with gas measurement on offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. This presentation will show the major roll safety, transportation, and weather play in the technician’s ability to verify the accuracy of the gas measurement facility. Proper operation, design, and installation will ensure accurate measurement.

Auditing evolved as a business practice as owners began to realize a standardized form of accounting must exist to prevent fraud. Financial audits made their way into businesses during the late 1700s. The industrial revolution brought about the separation of job duties beyond what a sole proprietor or family could oversee. Managers were hired to …

Auditing Electronic Gas Measurement per API Chapter 21.1 Read More »

Flow conditioning is one of the most critical aspects dealing with any type of volumetric flow metering. Flow conditioning is the final buffer between the flow meter and the upstream piping layout and is responsible for eliminating swirl, restoring flow symmetry and generating a repeatable, fully developed velocity flow profile. Even though modern advancements have …

Fluid Flow Conditioning For Meter Accuracy and Repeatability Read More »

Like any other piece of equipment, a measurement artifact must be maintained. Obviously, it has to be in working order in general. However, what is more important is that it be operating within specified parameters and providing measurements that are traceable to a known source or sources. This paper provides a general overview of calibration …

Methods for Certifying Measurement Test Equipment Read More »

With the increased use of Natural Gas as a fuel, and higher natural gas prices buyers and sellers of natural gas are seriously looking at ways to improve their natural gas measurement and reduce the error in natural gas measurement. A 6” Turbine or Ultrasonic meter operating at 1,000 Psi will move 100 MMSCF/Day. An …

Onsite Proving of Gas Flow Meters Read More »

In the gas industry a standard unit of measure is required. In the English system it is the standard cubic foot. In the metric, it is the standard cubic meter. This standard unit is the basis of all exchange in the gas industry. When the unit of purchase is the energy content (BTU) we achieve …

Fundamentals of Gas Laws Read More »